condition

• n.条件；情况
• v.训练；决定；以 … 为条件；护理（头发）
  

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  词语用法

  1. condition的基本意思是“条件,地位”,是可数名词,用单复数形式均可,但表示“状态、状况”时,常指事物处于不正常的状况,多作不可数名词,如果其前有形容词修饰,可与不定冠词a连用; 表示“情况,环境,形势”时常用复数形式,多指一般的、笼统的情况。
  2. condition也可表示“健康状况、良好状况或可使用的状况”,是不可数名词。
  3. condition还可作“疾病”解,指身体状况不佳,是可数名词。
  4. condition在美式英语中可以作“不及格科目”解。 v.(动词)
     1. condition的基本意思是“以…为条件”,指为满足某种目的与用途需要达到必要或适当的条件,即“使习惯于”“使适应于”，引申可表示“制约”“限制”。
     2. condition是及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。可用于被动结构,也可接以“oneself+to- v ”构成的复合宾语。
        

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        例句

        1. Conditions in poor quarters were horrible.
           城里穷人居住区条件十分糟糕。
        2. I had halfway decided to accept their conditions at that time.
           当时我已差不多决定要接受他们的条件了。
        3. The terrorists will only release their hostage on certain condition.
           恐怖分子只有在某些条件下才释放人质。
        4. Jimmie had but a vague idea of world conditions now.
           杰米对当今世界情况只有一点模糊的了解。
        5. His thinking is incommensurate to the changed conditions.
           他的思想和已经变化了的情况不相适应。

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        常见句型

        用作名词 (n.)

        1. Living conditions have bettered a great deal.
           生活条件已大有改善。
        2. The government hopes to better the conditions of the peasants.
           政府希望改善农民的生活条件。
        3. The workers are standing up for higher wages and better conditions.
           工人们正在坚持争取提高工资和改善生活条件。
        4. Health is one of the conditions of success in life.
           健康是成功的条件之一。
        5. Some measures will be taken to make the best use of natural conditions to enable wildlife resources to develop.
           要采取一些措施来充分利用自然条件,使野生资源得到开发。
        6. His actual condition was not to be expressed in a few words.
           他的现状一言难尽。
        7. I feel happy about my condition.
           我很满足于自己目前的状况。
        8. We must better our financial condition.
           我们必须改善我们的财政状况。
        9. Their bodies and clothes were in a pitiable condition.
           他们的体貌和衣着极其可怜。
        10. The classrooms are in poor condition.
            这些教室都是破破烂烂的。
        11. The crisis condition furthered the spreading of rumours.
            危机状况助长谣言的传播。
        12. The patient was in a critical condition.
            病人的情况十分危急。
        13. It is of importance to keep your teeth in good condition.
            保持牙齿健康是很重要的。
        14. All the players are in good condition.
            全体选手的健康情形都很好。
        15. Archaeologists have discovered some ancient jewellery in almost perfect condition.
            考古学家发现了一些几乎完好无损的古代珠宝。
        16. These laws are not calculated for conditions at any time.
            这几种法令任何时候都不会适合当时的情况。
        17. He lived in adverse conditions.
            他生活在逆境中。
        18. She has a heart condition.
            她有心脏病。
        19. People sometimes die of treatable conditions.
            人们有时死于可治之症。
        20. He is working off his conditions.
            他在重修不及格的科目。

        用作动词 (v.)

        用作及物动词 S+～+ n./pron.

        1. Ability and effort condition success.
           才干和努力是成功的条件。
        2. Exercise conditions your muscles.
           锻炼使肌肉健壮。 用于be ～ed结构
        3. A person’s behaviour is often conditioned by his circumstances.
           人的行为常受其所处环境的影响。

        用作宾补动词 S+～+ n./pron. +to- v

        1. Condition yourself not to flare up over trifles.
           你要养成不为鸡毛蒜皮的小事而发火的习惯。 用于be ～ed结构
        2. Most people are conditioned to believe what they read in the papers.
           绝大多数人都习惯于相信他们在报上读到的东西。

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        词义辨析

        n.(名词)

        condition, circumstance, situation, state

        这四个词都有“情况,状态,条件,状况”的意思。其区别在于:state是普通用语,指“情况,状态”,其存在形式并不是具体事物; situation指危急或重大的事态,侧重“事态”,也指“职位,职业”; condition和state相比意义较狭隘,指在思考中的事物的状态,“环境”所影响的“情况”,特指事物内部的条件和状态,用复数时指比较一般、笼统的情况,侧重于“状况”; circumstance指某种事件或动作发生时的情况,一般都用复数形式。例如:

        The country is in a troubled state.这个国家处于紊乱的状态中。

        Measures must be taken to meet this situation.必须设法应付这个局面。

        He is applying for a situation.他正在请求得到一个位置。

        The oranges may soon rot under present conditions.橘子在目前的状态下会很快腐烂的。

        I don’t remember all the circumstances of the quarrel.我不记得争吵的所有情况。

        注意比较下列英语和汉语的不同表达法:

        • 我们应该把这个情况反映给老师。
        • ［误］ We should report this condition to the teacher.
        • ［正］ We should report this to the teacher.

        • 我想了解一些有关他学习的情况。
        • ［误］ I’d like to know some conditions about his studies.
        • ［正］ I’d like to know something about his studies.

        • 我不久便有条件买台彩电了。
        • ［误］ I shall soon have conditions to buy a colour TV.
        • ［正］ I shall soon have enough money to buy a colour TV.

        • 我们实验室的条件很好。
        • ［误］ The conditions of our laboratory are good.
        • ［正］ Our laboratory is well equipped.

        condition state status situation circumstance

        这些名词均有“状况、情况”之意。

        • condition:condition一般强调产生影响的原因或环境，复数形式指笼统的情况。
        • state:state普通用词，指人或物在环境、外表、心灵以及健康方面的状况，或指在某一阶段的状态或形式。
        • status:status指一个人在政治、社会、经济、法律上的地位或身份，暗含地位显要意味。也可用于指政治等事态的状况。
        • situation:situation指明确具体的环境情况或处境。
        • circumstance:circumstance多指周围的情况或某事发生时的情况。

        condition terms

        这两个名词均有“条件”之意。

        • condition:condition通常指为实现许诺、协议、计划、合同等而订出的必须遵守或满足的作为前提的条件或要求。
        • terms:terms指谈判或订立合同等时，一方或双方提出或同意的条件。

        常见错误

        n.(名词)

        1. 史密斯先生的健康状况越来越差。误 The conditions of Mr. Smith are getting worse.正 The condition of Mr. Smith is getting worse.正 Mr. Smith’s condition is getting worse.

           析 表示“健康状况”, condition为不可数名词,无复数形式。

        2. 在这样有利的形势下,我们肯定获胜。误 In such favourable conditions, we will win without a shade of doubt.正 Under such favourable conditions, we will win without a shade of doubt.析 表示“在某种形势下”,应该用under conditions或under the condition。
        3. 既然是这样,你还是看医生的好。误 Under this condition you had better consult a doctor.正 In this case you had better consult a doctor.析 condition不能用来指具体的情况,“既然是这样”可说in this case。
        4. 你应该好好保养汽车。误 You should try to keep the car in a good condition.正 You should try to keep the car in good condition.析 condition作“状况”解时，是不可数名词。

        词源解说

        • ☆ 15世纪初期进入英语，直接源自古法语的conditoin；最初源自古典拉丁语的condicoinem：con (一起） + dicere (说），意为一起表达。